By Rose Chepkoech and Samuel Maina (OGS)
Where should the boundaries of freedom of expression lie? How far is too far? These are critical questions in Kenya today. Freedom of expression is a fundamental right enshrined in the 2010 Constitution. It allows individuals to share thoughts, opinions, and information. This right is essential for democracy. However, recent trends among Kenyan youth, especially on social media, reveal troubling instances of misuse.
Posts mocking leaders, spreading hate speech, or sharing offensive content have become common. One alarming trend involves depicting leaders as cartoons or silhouettes in ways that dehumanize them. Such actions go beyond constructive criticism. They breach legal limits and threaten social harmony. While freedom of expression is protected, it must be used responsibly. Respect for others, especially leaders, is crucial to prevent harmful consequences.
Kenya’s Constitution guarantees this right under Article 33(1). It ensures everyone can seek, receive, and share information or ideas. However, Article 33(2) excludes hate speech, incitement to violence, and propaganda of war. Social media has amplified national discourse. At the same time, it has enabled the spread of malicious content and disrespect.
For example, posts portraying the president in a coffin have emerged online. Such content not only disrupts public order but also violates laws like the Computer Misuse and Cyber Crimes Act. Some see these posts as frustration, but they carry severe legal risks. These include charges of hate speech, defamation, or even endangering national security.
Freedom of expression is not just a right—it comes with responsibilities. Respect must guide how we use this freedom, especially when addressing leaders or figures of authority. Kenya’s traditional values emphasize humility, dignity, and patience. These principles promote harmony in public dialogue. Ignoring them fuels division and deepens conflicts.
Parents, educators, and community leaders must reflect on how to rebuild these values. They play a vital role in teaching youth to communicate with respect and dignity. Traditional values can serve as a moral guide for navigating modern communication challenges. By embracing these values, young people can engage in constructive conversations online and offline.
Kenyan youth have immense potential to drive positive change. Social media can be a powerful tool for sharing ideas, fostering meaningful discussions, and shaping public opinion. Instead of mocking leaders or spreading negativity, young people should use their voices to promote unity and solutions. Freedom of expression should inspire growth, not division.
The government has a role to play, too. Enforcement of constitutional limits on free expression ensures responsible use of this right. This is not an attack on individual freedoms but a safeguard for societal stability. Respectful dialogue and creative expression are essential for a progressive society.
The misuse of digital platforms has also drawn attention. The government has observed the spread of misinformation, disinformation, and harmful content. Some actions, like creating AI-generated deep fakes, undermine Kenya’s reputation and foreign relations. These activities not only harm the nation but also jeopardize the welfare of Kenyans abroad.
During a recent address at the Kenyatta International Conference Centre (KICC), Government Spokesperson Dr. Isaac Mwaura called for unity. He urged citizens to embrace constructive dialogue to address differences. Actions that tarnish the country’s image, he warned, could discourage investment and hurt the economy.
Parents, too, are raising concerns. Mr. Erick Bett, a parent, highlighted the challenges of guiding children in the digital age. He shared a neighbor’s story about children distracted by social media, resulting in burnt sufurias. These children, he noted, spend long hours online and often lack accountability. Mr. Bett urged parents to seek solutions instead of condemnation. He called on the government to facilitate discussions to help families address these challenges.
Mr. Bett also reminded youth to use the internet positively. He cautioned them to think about the long-term impact of their posts, especially during job searches. Patriotism, he stressed, requires recognizing that Kenya’s future depends on its youth.
Freedom of expression is a cornerstone of Kenya’s democracy. However, its misuse undermines national unity and democratic institutions. The youth must balance their rights with responsibility. By fostering respect and constructive dialogue, they can contribute to national growth. The government, parents, and community leaders must work together to guide the younger generation toward this goal. With respect and responsibility, Kenyan youth can shape a stable, united, and progressive future.
